Child Abuse And Its Effects On Children - 1317 Words

Child abuse has long been an ongoing social problem; this abuse has been one of the repeatedly difficult accusations to prove in our criminal justice system. Child abuse causes many years of suffering for victims. Children abused suffer from chemical imbalances, behavioral issues and are at high risk for becoming abusers or being abused in adult relationships. This cycle of learned behavior and suffering will be a hopeless reoccurring problem unless the criminal justice system and protocols for abusers to undergo reform. Penalties for child abuse are less severe than those given to victims of lesser crimes. Children’s testimonies usually do not hold up in a court of law. The types of abuse are psychological, physical, and sexual. Trauma of†¦show more content†¦Children do not have the capacity to make decisions adults do when it refers to sexual experiences. When they are violated it affects the child the rest of their existence. Mistreatment and exploitation to, comm it against children causes long lasting effects, and no one can predict how the abused child will behave as an adult.† (Milaniak 2015). â€Å"Physically abused children suffer substantial psychological distress and might adopt behaviors that increase the same type of learned behavior.† (O’Rinn 2013). Emotional abuse is damaging to the development of children. Screaming, yelling, or negative hostility causes torturous anguish. As the abused child matures, or the abuse continues, these effects can become critical. Children, who do not receive the affection and attention necessary to flourish, may find it difficult to develop and continue beneficial connections with additional people in later years.† Emotional abuse can cause a child to change the way that they behave. Children could develop actions that defy authority or disrespecting of others.† (Wilson 2014) Sexual abuse is the inappropriate sexual conduct on a child for the sexual predators’ own pleasure and personal gratification.

Essay on The Lottery by Beth Goobie is a Bad Influence on...

A Bad Influence Throughout high school, the most essential trait to have above intellect and organization is good behavior. Without it, a student cannot be focused during a lecture, which can lead to disappointing grades and ultimately, a dreadful high school experience. The Lottery, by Beth Goobie encourages bad and rebellious behavior acted out by the protagonist Sally Hudson. At the start of the book, Sally gets picked by the school government as annual lottery winner. As lottery winner, Sally has to expect to be the butt of all jokes and for everyone to hate her. However, Sally gets told all the secrets and classified information the school has to offer. Sally does not enjoy becoming the outcast of the school so she tries to rebel.†¦show more content†¦When her father died, Sally told her mother that he slipped and fell of a cliff during a rest stop on their way to Texas but what Sally kept a secret is that she was the one who drove her father off the cliff. This quote shows Sally brin ging the dreadful news to her mother. â€Å"He was just going out to smoke a cigarette or two when he just fell... I ran down to see if he was okay but he never got up† (Goobie 125). Instead of doing the action that most teenagers have been taught, which is to confess, Sally lied and kept a huge secret from her mother. By Sally lying to her mother and poisoning the council head, The Lottery shows how it is a negative influence on today’s teens. But yet, being sneaky and devious alone cannot cause much trouble, for a teen to become really troublesome he has to have the rebellious trait. This transits to my next subject on how The Lottery portrayed the protagonist as insubordinate. Throughout history there have always been radicals in society and in each instance they have always ended up on the wrong end of the stick, meaning they were punished. The same dogma can be applied to actions in the classroom. If a student tries to rebel, the authoritative figure disciplines h im or her. This can lead to the student losing interest in the class. In The Lottery, Sally is famous in her school for being a dissenter. This is proven when the council acknowledges Sally’s request to be dropped as lottery winner for the year. â€Å"Of

Partnership Business Between More than One Parties

Questions: 1. Advise three friends what they should take into consideration when making up their minds if they should set up their business as a general partnership (unincorporated) or as a limited liability company (incorporated)? 2. A business associate, who has taken on a new role as Operations Manager of a small business, has asked you to help her to explain the difference between an employee and an independent contractor to her Managing Director? Answers: 1. Introduction Partnership business between more than one parties are done by some mutual agreement. While setting up the business all the partners should decide about the structure of the business. In partnership business there are two structure that a business will have any one of that the first unincorporated partnership or joint venture and the second is the incorporated partnership or joint venture (Bassiouni, 2014). General partnership business or unincorporated joint venture between three parties needs a mutual agreement to establish the joint venture with a particular purpose without a formal structure like a company. The advantage of an unincorporated joint venture is that they enjoy greater freedom of operation as compared to a company. Suppose for a unincorporated joint venture there is no requirement of submitting the annual report. The partners of a unincorporated joint venture are equally responsible for the operation of the firm and they should make a document that will justify that they are the agreed persons to make the business mutually. The unincorporated joint venture will be done by the partners and they will be responsible for the contract they have done individually. The responsibility of the organization will be more less same as it will be stated in the partnership firm. The firm will not have any legal entity but the individuals associated with unincorporated joint venture wi ll be responsible equally for the operation of the organization (Bubb, 2014). Consideration for unincorporated joint venture Unincorporated joint venture will be done between three friends with a mutual understanding to operate their business. There will be no legal entity of the firm but all the three members will be responsible for their activity that will be associated with the unincorporated joint venture. There are few consideration that should be addressed while setting up the association between them. Formation All three partners should enter a unincorporated joint venture agreement that will set the objective of the firm in operation, production allocation, risk, decision making process and other operational details that will be important for the operation of the unincorporated joint venture. There will be corporate form of operation that will be done in the agreement. Agreement will clearly describe about the contribution of money during the formation of the unincorporated joint venture (Campling, et al, 2014). Incorporation of contribution will help to decide the allocation of profit among three partners. Formation of the agreement is very important because it will set the culture of the organization and the responsibility of three partners will be distributed with their mutual understanding. Liabilities All the three parties will be proportionately liable for the activities of the unincorporated joint venture. The interest of the liability will depend on the investment they have made during the agreement. The proportion of the investment will decide the proposed liability to the partner. The liability of the partners to the public is joint several and unlimited. If there is any fault in the service to the public then full recovery can be taken from any one of them according to their availability (Cappelli, and Keller, 2013). Flexibility The unincorporated joint venture should have more flexibility as they will not have legal boundaries like a company. The flexibility of the firm will largely depend on the negotiated agreement between three parties. The structure and the operation of the firm is decided by the mutually agreed condition and the flexibility is integrated with the interest. There is no rule or definition of the flexibility of the firm. It solely depends on the mutual understanding of the partners and their activity. Decision should be taken with prior approval of all three partners and there should be an option to take individual decision when others are not available in the situation (Carcello, and Li, 2013). Profit and cost An unincorporated joint venture does not make profit of itself. In a unincorporated joint venture each partner will share a amount of money for the production of the product that has a saleable value in the market. Then they will divide those products according to their contribution in the production. The sale of the products will depend on the individual choice. There will be no regulation for selling those products in the market. Profit of the saleable product will be taken by the individual sale credit. Little percentage of the profit will be taken by the company as the depreciation of the production unit. Every partner will be liable for the operation cost of the production unit that will be proportionate to their interest (Clauwaert, and Schomann, 2012). Tax Tax policy is not there for the unincorporated joint venture because it is not a legal entity. So if it is profitable organizations then partners are individually responsible for the payment of tax. When the partners will sale their own product in the market they will provide the tax to the government according to their individual sale quantity. If there is any loss in the sale of any partner then he or she has to compensate from other business (Cottini, and Lucifora, 2013). Practical issues All the three partners will enter in every dealings or any agent should be fixed. The agent will make every dealing with the interest of all three partners. All the three partner will be responsible for the tenants of the assets that will be shared commonly. There will be no rules and regulations in the operation. Consideration for incorporated joint venture incorporated joint venture will be done between three friends to operate a business. Whenever there is a incorporated joint venture legal issues becomes the most important aspect of the business. An incorporated joint venture will have share holders interest that will have to take in consideration while making any business decision. There will be specific board members and they are responsible for the decision process of the organization (Erhel et al, 2012). Formation In a incorporated joint venture there is a shareholders agreement that is decided with their respective interest in the joint venture. The incorporated joint venture forms a company or firm that will have a separate legal entity. The partners will not be responsible for the operation of the company. Board members will be the responsible person and liable to the every activity of the company. Liabilities The liabilities of the partners are limited in the organization. The partners will be liable for the assets of the company that was held at the time of the incorporated joint venture. The partners liability is less in the operation because the operation of the company is totally controlled by the board members of the company. So there is any issue in the market only board members will be solely responsible for that activity (George, Chattopadhyay, and Zhang, 2012). Flexibility In case of an incorporated joint venture flexibility is the biggest issue. The three partners will have no role in this matter neither the board members can do any thing. The incorporated joint venture is a legal entity and that will have bindings to the operation. The company have to maintain the corporation act made by the government. While maintaining this act during the operation of the company it becomes very difficult to make the organization flexible. Every operation of the company should maintain the act of the government and run in a legal way though there is no risk of the partners in this matter because they are not the deciding authority of the business. Company has to submit annual report at end of the financial year (Grandori, 2012). Profit and cost In case of incorporated joint venture the cost and profit will come under the companies account. Here the company is a entity that will have a running cost. At the starting of the business partners as well as the venture capitalist will provide the operating and the production cost. As the organization will grow it will bear its own cost. The profit of the organization is the property of the company that will remain with the company account. Partners will get dividend according to their interest and the shareholders will also get dividend according to their amount of share. No profit sharing will be there by the company. Tax incorporated joint venture is a legal entity that will have its own account to run its business. Partners will have no responsibility to pay tax for the company neither they will compensate any money for any loss. The board members will be responsible for the payment of tax on time and legally. All the partners will have a influence to make ethical business of the company (Jost, 2011). Practical issues An incorporated joint venture can enter in any contract at its own right. There will be no relation with the partners of the company. In an incorporated joint venture there will be no liability of the assets by the partners of the company. All the assets will be owned by the incorporated joint venture. The incorporated joint ventures can lender money by the security of the assets. The incorporated joint venture will have a clear structure of the organization as it will be based on the board of directors and other management staff (Kanter, 2015). 2. Difference between an employee and an independent contractor There is a definite difference with the role of an employee and an independent contractor. The responsibility and the liability of the two people make the difference between them. An employee can behave or act like an employer with his or her job responsibility but an employer can never behave like a irresponsible employee. The difference between them is described below (Kim and Cho, 2014). 1. An employee is a staff of a company where he or she have to work according to the instruction or order by their senior or employer. The employee may get a oral or written instruction from the authority about the detail of the work. The employer has all the right to instruct the employee in any way. An independent contractor is the sole entity who is hired to provide some product or services. There will be no one to instruct him or her about the job. The independent contractor has to deliver the goods or service as per the requirement of the client. 2. An employee gets the training from the employer. The acceptance of the training means that the employee is ready to serve by following the method of the employer. There will no space to provide his or her own method within the process (Magadan, and Rivas, 2015). An independent contractor has their own method for performing their task. The method can be different for the same job to find out the best way to complete the job. The independent contractor is hired by the company to perform a particular task that will be done by their expertise and no one will interfere with the process. 3. An employee is usually integrated with the business operation and of any company. The direction of operation is mentioned by the organization. The success of the business operation is dependent on the employees performance. There is motivation and appreciation by the seniors for the success that drive the performance better. An independent contractor may be in a service where he stands alone or he or she may not be integrated with the business operation. There is no one to motivate or appreciate their job. Self motivation is very important for better performance of the independent contractors (Robbins et al, 2013). 4. An employee has no control to hire other staff as his or her assistant for supporting the job. The employer usually keeps control on this part. Sometime employer provides the right to the employee to hire other staff then that employee can perform the function. The permeation of the staff hiring will have some instruction about the criteria of the hired employee. An independent contractor will hire, supervise and pay to the workers at his own risk. There will be a contract to perform a certain job that is to be done within some criteria. The independent contractor will be responsible for the result given by the worker (Robertson et al, 2011). 5. An employee usually has relation with the employer in terms of part time or short time job. The employee can continue his or her job in a irregular interval if the relation is good with the employer. 6. An independent contractor has no relation with the party who is taking the service. The relation ends as soon as the job is done. 7. An employee will have a defined time to perform his or her job for the employer. The allocation of time is decided earlier at the time of the recruitment and both the parties will maintain the situation (Sherman, 2012). An independent contractor has no fixed working hour. They have to provide service whenever their client require. 8. An employee has to perform their work in the premises of the employers. There is a fixed place provided by the employer where employees gather to perform their task. An independent contractor performs their job whenever they wish. They generally do their job in that place where they are providing their service. It can be changed every time. Some contractor provides their service in their own place. The party who want their service went there and avail the service (Srensen and Fassiotto, 2011). 9. An employee is paid by the employer who appoints him or her. There is a minimum amount of salary that is garneted for them. Employees get their salary on the basis of the working hours, weeks and months. Some fixed amount will be fixed and incentive will be there for them (Steingold, 2015). An independent contractor will not get any salary from any one. The income of a independent contractor is not fixed in every month. They will earn on the basis of the contract they will have in a particular month. 10. An employee has to submit oral or written report to the employer everyday or after every job. This report is the description of the job done by the employee in a given period. Employer evaluates the productivity of the employee according to this report and provides benefit like increment and incentives (Van Grinsven et al, 2012). An independent contractor has to send report to the party who is willing to take the service. There is no increment or incentive or the independent contractor. Only the profit is the only source of income for the independent contractor. 11. An employee gets the reimbursement from the employer for travelling and other expenses that he or she has done to complete a job. An independent contractor will include all the expenses in the costing of the service and charge to the party to whom he or she is providing the service (Zott, Amit and Massa, 2011). Reference List Bassiouni, M. C. (2014).International extradition: United States law and practice. Oxford University Press. Bubb, R. (2014). Choosing the Partnership: English Business Organization Law During the Industrial Revolution.Seattle UL Rev.,38, 337. Campling, L., Harrison, J., Richardson, B., and Smith, A. (2014). Working beyond the border? a new research agenda for the evaluation of labour standards in EU trade agreements.A New Research Agenda for the Evaluation of Labour Standards in EU Trade Agreements (April 4, 2014). Warwick School of Law Research Paper, (2014/03). Cappelli, P., and Keller, J. R. (2013). Classifying work in the new economy.Academy of Management Review,38(4), 575-596. Carcello, J. V., and Li, C. (2013). Costs and benefits of requiring an engagement partner signature: Recent experience in the United Kingdom.The Accounting Review,88(5), 1511-1546. Clauwaert, S., and Schomann, I. (2012). Crisis and National Labour Law Reforms: A Mapping Exercise.Eur. Lab. LJ,3, 54. Cottini, E., and Lucifora, C. (2013). Mental health and working conditions in Europe.Industrial and Labor Relations Review,66(4), 958-988. Erhel, C., Guergoat-Larivire, M., Leschke, J., and Watt, A. (2012). Trends in job quality during the great recession: A comparative approach for the EU.CEEETUI Document de travail,161. George, E., Chattopadhyay, P., and Zhang, L. L. (2012). Helping hand or competition? The moderating influence of perceived upward mobility on the relationship between blended workgroups and employee attitudes and behaviors.Organization Science,23(2), 355-372. Grandori, A. (Ed.). (2012).Interfirm networks: organization and industrial competitiveness. Routledge. Jost, M. P. S. (2011). Independent Contractors, Employees, and Entrepreneaurialism under the National Labor Relations Act: A Worker-by-Worker Approach.Wash. and Lee L. Rev.,68, 311. Kanter, R. M. (2015). From spare change to real change: The social sector as beta site for business innovation.Havard Business Review. Kim, Y. S., and Cho, H. H. (2014). First and Second Korean Working Conditions Survey: A Comparison between South Korea and EU Countries.Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing,23(4), 277-286. Magadan, M., and Rivas, J. (2015). Business Cooperation and Partnership: A Case of Cocreation at Destination Level.Collaboration in Tourism Businesses and Destinations: A Handbook, 19. Robbins, S., Judge, T. A., Millett, B., and Boyle, M. (2013).Organisational behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Robertson, M., Moir, J., Skelton, J., Dowell, J., and Cowan, S. (2011). When the business of sharing treatment decisions is not the same as shared decision making: a discourse analysis of decision sharing in general practice.Health:,15(1), 78-95. Seufert, S., and Meier, C. (2013). Strategic HRD and the role of Learning Business Partnership. Sherman, A. J. (2012).Raising capital: get the money you need to grow your business. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Srensen, J. B., and Fassiotto, M. A. (2011). Organizations as fonts of entrepreneurship.Organization Science,22(5), 1322-1331. Steingold, F. S. (2015).Legal guide for starting and running a small business. Nolo. Van Grinsven, H. J. M., Ten Berge, H. F. M., Dalgaard, T., Fraters, B., Durand, P., Hart, A., ... and Willems, W. J. (2012). Management, regulation and environmental impacts of nitrogen fertilization in Northwestern Europe under the Nitrates Directive: a benchmark study.Biogeosciences,9, 5143-5160.

To Get - Verb Meanings and Lessons for ESL Students

'To Get' - Verb Meanings and Lessons for ESL Students The verb to get is used in many senses in English and can be confusing at times. Here is a list of the top ten uses of to get with simple explanations and example sentences. Of course, these are not all the senses of to get. In fact, there are many phrasal verbs with to get. This list is meant to give intermediate level learners the main senses of this important verb. To Acquire Get acquire, buy, come into the possession of something. She got a lot of paintings from her uncle.They got a new pet.Get your results the next day.I got my computer at the Apple store. To Become Get become, to change into a state, often used with adjectives. He got annoyed when he heard the bad news.It must be getting more serious.Janice has gotten much more open in her attitudes.Please dont get angry with me! To Receive Get receive a present, obtain attention. I got some clothes for Christmas.His movie got a good review.I got some books from my girlfriend.What would you like to get for your birthday? To Arrive Get arrive, reach a destination. She got home at 7 oclock.She didnt get to Chicago until after midnight.I got to work late because of the weather.I wont be able to get there until later.   To Bring Get bring, fetch, go and bring or take back. Get me those books over there, please.Could you get the wine?Let me get the shovel and well go to work.Ill just get my phone and then we can leave.   To Experience Get experience, undergo, of mental or physical states or experiences. He got an idea.  She gets vertigo when she looks out the window.They get nauseous when they drive.Peter got frightened by what he thought was a ghost.   To Make Get make, score, achieve a point or goal. Nicklaus got a 70 on that extremely difficult golf course.The Brazilian team got 4 goals.She got 29 points that day.Anthony got 12 rebounds during the game. To Contract Get contract, take, be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness. He got a horrible disease while he was traveling.  She got pneumonia and had to go to the hospital.She got a cold from Tom.Unfortunately, I got ill from drinking the water while on vacation.   To Induce Get induce, stimulate, cause, make someone do, cause to do; cause to act in a certain way, always followed by an object. My children finally got me to buy a computer.My wife got me to pay attention to the speaker.The class got the teacher to postpone the test.  I wish I could get them to take me seriously! To Pay Back Get pay back, take vengeance on or get even Well get them!  Thatll get him good!This time I got him.Just wait until I get you! Get Uses Quiz Decide how get is meant in the following sentences.   I got three As last semester. - be striken by / become / scorePeter has gotten serious about his studies. - arrive / cause / becomeThey got their father to buy them a new horse. - bring / acquire / cause  We got three books for our new library. - experience / cause / receiveJane got the flu from her students last week. - arrive / experience / contractCould you get me the paper? - receive / fetch / take vengeanceI got spooked by all the talk of revolution. - experience / fetch / becomeI got some excellent advice on the new job. - bring / receive / causeShe promised to get him some day for all his bad behavior. - pay back / fetch / acquireJohn Handersohn got 32 points and 12 rebounds during the game last night. - become / score / arrive Answers scorebecomecausereceivecontractfetchexperiencereceivepay backscore There are also a wide range of idioms and expressions with get and numerous phrasal verbs with get.

Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S

Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S By Maeve Maddox Should one write â€Å"Jesus’ name† or â€Å"Jesus’s name†? Which is correct, â€Å"Travis’ friend† or â€Å"Travis’s friend†? The questions on the use of the apostrophe to form the possessive keep coming. This post is about how to form the possessive of a proper name that ends in -s. Most stylebooks agree that the rule for forming the possessive of a singular noun ending in -s is formed by adding ’s: the boss’s birthday the bus’s wheels the witness’s testimony When it comes to forming the possessive of a proper name that ends in s, guides disagree. Some stylebooks recommend a single apostrophe for Biblical or classical names like Jesus and Achilles, but ’s for names like James and Charles; others say, â€Å"Treat all names ending in s the same.† The Chicago Manual of Style once recommended a single apostrophe to form the possessive of Biblical or classical names: Moses’ tent Achilles’ helmet Jesus’ name Some guides still recommend this usage, but CMOS has changed its policy in a spirit of consistency; now it recommends that all proper names ending in -s form their possessive by adding ’s: Moses’s tent Achilles’s helmet Jesus’s name Travis’s friends Dickens’s novels Descartes’s philosophy Franà §ois’s efforts Tacitus’s Histories Kansas’s legislature Euripides’s tragedies the Ganges’s source Equally consistent, the Associated Press Style Book opts for a single apostrophe for all proper names ending in -s: Moses’ tent Achilles’ helmet Jesus’ name Travis’ friends Dickens’ novels Descartes’ philosophy Franà §ois’ efforts Tacitus’ Histories Kansas’ legislature Euripides’ tragedies the Ganges’ source The New York Times style manual generally agrees with CMOS, but adds this wrinkle: Omit the  s  after the apostrophe when a word ends in two sibilant soundsseparated only by a vowel sound:  Kansas’ Governor;  Texas’ population;  Moses’ behalf But when a name ends with a sibilant letter that is silent, keep the possessive  s:  Arkansas’s Disagreement on the issue of apostrophe s vs. plain apostrophe goes all the way to the Supreme Court. Justice Clarence Thomas believes that the possessive form of a name like his should be formed by adding only an apostrophe: â€Å"Justice Thomas’ opinion.† Referring to the case Kansas v. Marsh (2006), Thomas wrote â€Å"Kansas’ statute,† but his colleague Justice Souter wrote â€Å"Kansas’s statute.† If you write for publication, how you treat the possessive of proper names that end in -s will be determined by your employer’s house style. If you are free to choose which style to follow, keep in mind that the writer’s goal is to convey thoughts as clearly as possible to readers. Style guides exist to assist writers in this goal, but it seems to me that there are problems with the recommendations of all three guides mentioned above. I prefer the guidelines given in the Penguin Guide to Punctuation: A name ending in s takes only an apostrophe if the possessive form is not pronounced with an extra s. Hence: Socrates’ philosophy, Ulysses’ companions, Saint Saens’ music, Aristophanes’ plays. The reasoning behind this rule is that as we don’t say [sok-ru-teez-iz], there’s no reason to write â€Å"Socrates’s.† Punctuation is supposed to aid readers, not puzzle them. It’s no help to readers unfamiliar with English pronunciation to mislead them into trying to say [dick-inz-iz], or [u-rip-uh-deez-iz] by writing â€Å"Dickens’s novels† or â€Å"Euripides’s plays.† The bottom line is that stylebooks do not agree on whether to write â€Å"Jesus’ name† or â€Å"Jesus’s name,† â€Å"Travis’ friend† or â€Å"Travis’s friend.† Writers not bound by a specific style manual must make their own decision and be consistent with it. Personally, I’d write â€Å"Jesus’ name† and â€Å"Travis’s friend† because I would say â€Å"[jee-zus] name† and â€Å"[trav-is-iz] friend.† Related Post: Charles’s Pen and Jesus’ Name Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire YouAnyone vs. EveryoneTypes of Plots

Interview a supervisor Example

Interview a supervisor Example Interview a supervisor – Essay Example Interview summary One piece of advice that the interviewee wanted to give to a new supervisor was to understand the culture of the organization firstbefore taking over the charge fully. Most of the times, supervisors tend to use the same skills that they have demonstrated in the previous settings and expect the subordinates to submit to them the same way that they did in those previous settings. In reality, the attitude of the subordinates differs from one organization to another and the fundamental element driving their behavior is the organizational culture. In order to be effective and influential in a new setting, it is imperative that a new supervisor first understands the organization’s history and studies its norms, values, principles, codes, and culture, and then use his/her learning gained from past experiences to supervise the subordinates in context of the new setting. Without a firm understanding of the culture of the new organization, a supervisor may not be able to achieve his/her goals. The interviewee’s favorite part of being a supervisor was the respect he gained from the subordinates. Since he is the supervisor, it automatically occurs to the subordinates that they have to respect him, consider him superior, and give importance to his views and opinions since that is the requirement of the job. The interviewee likes the fact that he has the confidence and support of his subordinates and they tend to follow the rules established by him. They listen to him when he tells them to be disciplined. The interviewee is particularly fascinated by the fact that he is able to resolve the interpersonal issues of the subordinates; when they cannot settle the matters themselves, they approach him and then he decides it for them. He likes the fact that they accept his decisions, and this shows that they respect him. The interviewee said that a supervisor cannot gain respect by imposing just his/her own views and opinions upon the subordinates all the time; he/she should h ear their stance and then do as he/she deems is right. The interviewee’s least favorite part of being a supervisor is the difficulty he experiences in drawing a line between being a supervisor and a human. As a supervisor, he needs to be very strict in order to make sure that the subordinates do the work in a timely manner and follow the standard of quality. To achieve this, he cannot compromise upon the principles; the subordinates have to arrive on time, they have to wear the personal protective equipment, they have to finish the work on time, and they have to abide by all the rules. However, as a human being, he feels guilty sometimes when he has to impose fines upon a subordinate for arriving late as per the organization’s policy when he knows that the subordinate had been working till late in the night the previous day. As a supervisor, he also has certain responsibilities toward the owners of the organization. Drawing a balance between those responsibilities and his responsibilities toward the subordinates sometimes b ecomes challenging.

Risk management Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Risk management - Literature review Example A probabilistic incident like oil spill event or oil spill contact to an environmentally responsive area cannot be forecasted; only an approximation of its likelihood can be quantified (Scarlett, Linkov and Kousky, 2011, p.20). Before applying the risk management practices; risk assessment should be done in order to know that what can go wrong at a definite time period and what the outcome will be if it does. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the probable occurrences that could lead to an oil spill, together with the feasible resulting impacts. (Imo, 2010, p.3). This paper will focus on the methodology and structure, purposes of risk management, application of risk management in oil exploration programs, identification of spillage risks, risk assessment of oil spillage risks, risk response planning for oil spillage risks and risk monitoring and control for oil spillage risks. 1.1. Aims and Objectives Aims: The aim of this paper is to develop a framework that will help the compan ies in order to control their oil spillage risks in oil exploration programs. Objectives: The objectives will be to investigate the nature of oil spillage risks; identify and summarize the existing understanding about oil spillage risk management; discover good practices in managing oil spillage risks and to provide a new framework that summarizes the findings and can be used further for managing oil spillage risks. Besides this, the paper has also focused on different methods used to manage the risk of oil spillage. 1.2. Background 1.2.1. The nature of oil spillage risk in oil exploration program The oil industry is concerned with a long history of spills on the North Slope and the probability of future spills is high. Indeed, there has been an oil spillage once a day, on... From this research it is clear that the oil industry is concerned with a long history of spills on the North Slope and the probability of future spills is high. Indeed, there has been an oil spillage once a day, on average, from the time when gas and oil development began on the North Slope. In order to make the subject worse, ocean currents move the chemicals and oil hundreds of miles. Further, in the Arctic Ocean, cleaning up oil spills would lead to enormous challenges. Suppression and recovery at sea hardly ever leads to the removal of more than a comparatively small fraction of a large oil spill, i.e. only 10-15% and often significantly less. Till date, no technology subsists in order to clean up oil in the sea ice circumstances and late-season spills would stay behind until the following year. Furthermore, cold water splits down oil much more slowly than the warm water. Climate change has considerably weakened the basis on which Arctic ecosystems function. Species mainly at ris k include polar bear, walruses, ringed seals, beluga and bowhead whales and coastal birds. So, it is found that the environmental risk is associated with the oil exploration programs. Oil spillage refers to an unintentional release of oil in a water body due to human activity and is regarded as form of pollution. Oil spillage occurs due to release of crude oil from underwater wells and pipeline, or offshore drilling rig, or a tanker, frequently presenting a danger to marine life and environment.

What Did the Internment of Japanese Americans Mean Essay

What Did the Internment of Japanese Americans Mean - Essay Example In her account titled â€Å"Confinement and Ethnicity†, Eleanor Roosevelt gives us a vivid picture of the events that took place during that period. Mrs. Roosevelt visited the Gila River Relocation Center in Arizona in 1943 and spoke to different people in an effort to understand clearly what had taken place. The source she used was first hand information and reports from the visits she had made there. Therefore these sources are considered authentic in relating Historical facts. Alice Yang Murray is associate professor of history in the University of California. She had done a lot of research and has authored books like â€Å"Historical Memories of Japanese American Internment and the struggle for Redress†( 2004) â€Å"Major Problems in Asian American History† (2003)and another book titled â€Å"What did the Internment of the Japanese mean† (Alice Yang Murray, 2000) This book is a collection of works by five various historians who were in pursuit of a greater and better understanding of the internment of the Japanese American people during World War II. Murray’s brief yet comprehensive account lays down the causes and the impact it had on internment. Alice Yang Murray is currently doing research on transnational memories of World War II, between 1945 and 2005 in the Pacific. The International context, in addition to class, gender and generation, has helped to shape the political and cultural experiences of the Japanese Americans. During World War II, sociologists and anthropologists participated in research work on Japanese Americans whom the Federal Government had incarcerated. How the Japanese American field Assistants carried out their research, how they collected data regarding the Internment, the difficulties and pressures that they faced, and how they responded to political and ethical issues that they came across are some of the issues dealt with. Alice Yang Murray’s collection begins with

Conceptual Cognition and Problem Solving Styles Essay Example for Free

Conceptual Cognition and Problem Solving Styles Essay The article â€Å"Thinking† found in the Northeastern University Website presents insights regarding conceptual cognition and problem solving skills. It claims that although people may have similar concepts, we differ from each other by our conceptual cognition and problem solving styles. To elaborate, the author cites how people define concepts. It shows that people have similar concepts of things especially those perceived by sight. For instance, features including two eyes, four legs, two ears, one tail, barking, sharp teeth, etc., would definitely pertain to a dog. Likewise, a photo of a child smiling is an indication of a happy child, not a sad one. However, there are also some concepts in our society that have changed a bit but not entirely. Although they are modified through time, a certain degree of people’s cognition of the original concept remains the same. Take for example, marriage. In the past, the concept of marriage is limited to a man and a woman, but now the concept allows man to man marriage, so although the concept is altered a bit, the concept of togetherness and commitment still holds truth. Concepts are arranged into hierarchies. For instance, a bedroom is smaller than a house, and a block is smaller than a neighborhood. Applying it in the school context, there are students under one teacher, and there are teachers under one director, etc. Similarly, in the corporate scene, there are subordinates and supervisors. Moreover, concepts are formed by definition and prototype. We learn concepts as the environment define them for us. For instance as children, we were familiarized by our parents with the things in the house, such as a table and a chair. Later on when we went to our neighbor’s, we realized that tables can be in different forms or colors, but the role they play remains the same. Through definition and prototype, we obtain similar concepts of things around us. The issue of cognition is not much of a problem but problem solving styles are. The three methods to solve a problem include: trial and error, algorithms, and heuristics. In trial and error, one is bound to use more effort and time to arrive at the right answer. This method requires several trials and shortcuts, and does not guarantee giving the right answer. The second method is algorithm. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure usually involving computations. Unlike trial and error, it is methodical and guarantees arriving at the correct answer. However, since it requires a procedure, it is more time consuming than the other. The third method used to solve a problem is heuristics. This method requires â€Å"speculative formulation†¦as a guide in the investigation or solution of a problem.† (Answers.com, n.d.). It posits that the background of the matter, ie religion, society be investigated upon in order to arrive at a conclusion. Although this method is not accurate and does not guarantee a definite answer, it leads to a certain conclusion or information related to the problem. Each of the methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. When combined, the three methods will help one arrive at a valid answer. For instance, when conducting research, it is not enough to present statistics of people experiencing a specific problem. One needs to dwell on observations, surveys, interviews, etc. to obtain a full view of the situation. Applying this to the classroom scenario, students should be taught how to apply and combine the three methods in order to facilitate problem solving tasks. Particularly, when teaching research, teachers should incorporate teaching and application of the three methods so that students will not only have options but arrive at definite and valid conclusions for their study. References Algorithm. Retrieved 5 August 2008, from http://www.answers.com/topic/algorithm Heuristic. Retrieved 5 August 2008, from http://www.answers.com/heuristic

Essay --

The Racist atmosphere in the South back in the 1920s was exceptionally oppressive. Due to that racist atmosphere many problems arose. In Ernest J. Gaines's â€Å"A Lesson Before Dying†, the two protagonist’s self-perceptions are affected by the racist atmosphere. Jefferson’s self-perception is affected by the racist atmosphere. In chapter One, Jefferson’s defense attorney tries to win the jury by claiming that Jefferson has diminished capacity to reason. He tries to reach the jury’s heart and mind by implying it would be a cruel act to kill a man whose intelligence and moral are no greater than those of a hog. The attorney expresses the ugly belief, held by many Southern whites, that blacks are somewhat beneath whites. Jefferson becomes disturbed by the idea and begins acting like a hog, angrily refusing to talk and going through his food like a hog. Miss Emma realizes the impact the attorney’s words have on Jefferson and makes it her goal to ensure Jefferson dies like a man not like an animal. When Jefferson decides to die with dignity, he shakes off the spiteful stereotypes placed on him by whites. â€Å"Gentlemen of the jury, look at this----this----this boy. I almost said a man, but I can’t sa y man. Oh sure, he has reached the age of twenty-one, when we, civilized men, consider the male species has reached manhood, but would you call this---this---this a man? No, not I†,(Gaines, 7). This quote reveals how even Jefferson’s defense attorney from the start had a stereotype opinion held by many Southern whites, a negative opinion that blacks are inferior to whites. From that point on Grant’s mission in the book is to show Jefferson’s hope, dignity, and self-respect, and to prove to whites and blacks are alike, that i... ...white people because they believe you’re inferior to them. That quotes clearly reveal and describes why Jefferson and Grant were in the situation that they were in. It is unquestionably true that the real individuality, the real human nature can be revealed in extreme situations, when the human life is at stake. This work represents an attempt to show that each individual has an opportunity to change his/her life completely, to make it really humanistic and do something good even if it is the last thing he/she can do in his/her life. A Lesson Before Dying suggest the audience to reevaluate its views on life and realize that everything may be changed. At the same time, it is never late to change the life for better and reveal positive traits of character or even commit some heroic or humanistic acts even if it threatens to end the entire life of the individual.

The Great Gatsby Conversation

In Gatsby’s conversation with Nick, Gatsby, who has many belittling rumors surrounding him, tries to get Nick to sympathize with him by describing himself as a nice person who has gone through â€Å"hard† times, but his attempts are unsuccessful. Because of the rumors, Nick wants to know more about Gatsby because, â€Å"[He] had talked with him perhaps six times in the past month and found, to [his] disappointment, that [Gatsby] had little to say,† which led Nick to believe there was something suspicious about Gatsby. 64) Over the past month or so, Nick had heard many rumors about Gatsby having â€Å"killed a man† (49) and being a â€Å"German spy during [World War I]† (44). Gatsby’s behavior during the conversation strengthened these rumors in Nick’s mind. During their conversation, Gatsby â€Å"hurried the phrase ‘educated at Oxford,’ or swallowed it, or choked on it, as though it had bothered him before† which le d Nick to wonder â€Å"if there was something sinister about him† (65). Whenever Oxford was mentioned, Gatsby was hesitant to continue that conversation, which seemed as though Gatsby was lying about his past and that made Nick even more suspicious. Furthermore, Gatsby did not help erase the rumors from Nick’s mind when Tom and Gatsby, â€Å"shook hands briefly, and a strained, unfamiliar look of embarrassment came over Gatsby’s face,† and when â€Å"[Nick] turned toward Mr. Gatsby, [he] was no longer there† (74). This behavior proved to Nick that Gatsby is trying to hide something from his past and is very uncomfortable discussing it. Although there are topics about his past that make Gatsby uncomfortable, he freely explains his past to Nick. In order to make a good impression on Nick, Gatsby always speaks elaborately and is very nice to Nick. Gatsby says, â€Å"‘Good morning, old sport. You’re having lunch with me and I thought we’d ride up together’† (64). Gatsby explains that he lives like a â€Å"rajah,† but that he has had some hardships and is â€Å"trying to forget something very sad that had happened to [him] a long time ago† (66). Although Gatsby is wealthy, he explains that he has personal problems in order to get Nick to sympathize with him. Then, Gatsby tries to explain his war experience by saying, â€Å"‘It was a great relief, and I tried very hard to die, but I seemed to bear an enchanted life† because he was sad about his incident and by saying he wanted to die, he could get Nick to sympathize with him and forget about the rumors surrounding him, but Nick never does (66). Another way Gatsby tries to explain to Nick he is not a bad person is by showing Nick his accomplishments from the war. The photograph which Gatsby carried around with him read, â€Å"‘Major Jay Gatsby [†¦ ] For Valour Extraordinary’† (67). By doing so, Gatsby proves that he supported the Americans thus trying to erase the rumor of him being a German spy. Although there are many strong rumors around Gatsby, he tries to convince Nick, who believes in those rumors, that he is an innocent, normal man because he is in love with Daisy and wants Nick, Daisy’s cousin, to set him up. Though Gatsby discusses very personal issues that make him seem like the â€Å"common man,† his actions around Nick like having a gambler for a friend and acting suspiciously whenever anything related to Daisy came up, cause Nick to believe that Gatsby was guilty of something.

Work Ethics in Cosmetology

When starting a career in cosmetology, it is imperative to develop a strong code of work ethics. Having a strong work ethic shows that a person is self motivated, conducts themselves in a professional manner, and is able to self evaluate. It is necessary to possess these qualities because they will determine how successful one can become in this industry. The first important fundamental of a strong work ethic is self motivation. Self motivation is the ability to satisfy a desire, expectation, or goal with out being influenced to do so by another person. Having this motivation is important in the work place because it allows one to stay focused and perform tasks to the best of their ability. A person who lacks self motivation is someone who is â€Å"lazy† or simply does not care. This could negatively affect the way a salon is run. An unmotivated receptionist for example, may not take down an appointment correctly. This could potentially disrupt a stylists entire schedule for the day, upset the client, and make the entire salon look bad. Another key element to having a strong work ethic is having a positive attitude. Having a positive attitude makes a person enjoyable to be around. This allows for a pleasant work environment and creates a professional atmosphere for clients. It is also important to maintain a positive attitude when learning a new technique or skill. For instance, when learning a new updo, it is very difficult to make it look perfect on the first attempt. Someone with a negative attitude would get frustrated and give up. A progressive thinker would stay positive and try to reevaluate the situation and learn from their mistakes. Lastly, when first starting out in this industry it is important have the ability to self evaluate in order to grow. Self evaluation requires one to assess his or her own work to find strengths and weaknesses. This would help a new stylist learn which areas they need to improve in. For example, if one struggled with foils, they could ask a more experienced co-worker for constructive criticism to find out what they are doing wrong. This will allow the stylist to correct their mistakes and learn from them. Developing a code of work ethics does not happen over night. It takes years of hard work to build on these skills to become a true professional. However, with the right attitude, determination, and the eagerness to learn, one can become extremely successful in the cosmetology industry.

Free Essays on Homecoming

Homecoming by Cynthia Voigt MAIN CHARACTERS: Dicey Tillerman – a thirteen-year-old girl in the novel, yet her hair cut makes her look like a boy. She seems to hold the family together, being the oldest child of her mother who is mentally sick. After her mother dropped her and her siblings in a parking lot in Rhode Island, she is willing to do anything to keep the remainder of her family together and well protected. James Tillerman – is the twelve-year-old brother to his sister Dicey. James is the opposite of Dicey, intelligent and he takes things more serious. James often got teased in school about his family and since he wasn’t able to stand up for himself, he ended up dropping out. Maybeth Tillerman – is the eight-year-old sister. She is very quiet and shy which is a problem in school and leads to her getting held back a grade. Though she can see people’s true emotions almost instantly. Sammy Tillerman – is the six-year-old brother. He is very stubborn and is the mothers’ favorite, which makes him very upset when his mother leaves them. Momma – she is the mother to all the Tillerman’s. She decided never to marry, but when she was having her fourth child, the father left her. She eventually can’t take the pressure raising four kids on her own and abandons them. * There are many other characters as the book goes along. These are brief summaries of the minor characters. * Aunt Cilla – lives in Bridgeport, CT, where the family was going to visit with t heir mother. Edie & Louis – runaway couple the children met in a park. They stole their money Stewart & Windy – two Yale students who take the children in for the night and give them a ride the next morning to Bridgeport. Eunice – lives in Aunt Cilla’s house because she has passed away. Would adopt the children but considers splitting them up. Abigail Tillerman – the grandmother to the children, takes them in at the end of the book after m... Free Essays on Homecoming Free Essays on Homecoming Homecoming by Cynthia Voigt MAIN CHARACTERS: Dicey Tillerman – a thirteen-year-old girl in the novel, yet her hair cut makes her look like a boy. She seems to hold the family together, being the oldest child of her mother who is mentally sick. After her mother dropped her and her siblings in a parking lot in Rhode Island, she is willing to do anything to keep the remainder of her family together and well protected. James Tillerman – is the twelve-year-old brother to his sister Dicey. James is the opposite of Dicey, intelligent and he takes things more serious. James often got teased in school about his family and since he wasn’t able to stand up for himself, he ended up dropping out. Maybeth Tillerman – is the eight-year-old sister. She is very quiet and shy which is a problem in school and leads to her getting held back a grade. Though she can see people’s true emotions almost instantly. Sammy Tillerman – is the six-year-old brother. He is very stubborn and is the mothers’ favorite, which makes him very upset when his mother leaves them. Momma – she is the mother to all the Tillerman’s. She decided never to marry, but when she was having her fourth child, the father left her. She eventually can’t take the pressure raising four kids on her own and abandons them. * There are many other characters as the book goes along. These are brief summaries of the minor characters. * Aunt Cilla – lives in Bridgeport, CT, where the family was going to visit with t heir mother. Edie & Louis – runaway couple the children met in a park. They stole their money Stewart & Windy – two Yale students who take the children in for the night and give them a ride the next morning to Bridgeport. Eunice – lives in Aunt Cilla’s house because she has passed away. Would adopt the children but considers splitting them up. Abigail Tillerman – the grandmother to the children, takes them in at the end of the book after m...

New Meaning for Ingest

New Meaning for Ingest New Meaning for Ingest New Meaning for Ingest By Maeve Maddox A reader has alerted me to a new use of the verb ingest: Feed is a suite of tools to assist in preparing content for ingest into HathiTrust. I found additional examples of this incomprehensible use of ingest in what are clearly technical contexts: High Speed Smart Data Ingest into Hadoop Fedora digital objects can be encoded in several XML formats for ingest and export. I was ingesting with the cli interface by creating a file that is cli commands Since the 17th century, ingest has been used in English with the meaning â€Å"to take in food.† Substances other than food are also said to be ingested. In reference to human beings, ingest is a clinical term for â€Å"to eat† or â€Å"to swallow.† In figurative usage, it can be simply to â€Å"to take in† or â€Å"to absorb.† For example, birds are said to be â€Å"ingested† by jet engines. A student â€Å"ingests† information.† Here are some examples that illustrate the usual meaning of the verb and its different forms: Children ingest considerable amounts of soil Foreign body ingestion is not uncommon in clinical practice, and it may occasionally lead to penetration injuries. The Nature of the Ingested Protein Has No Effect on Lean Body Mass During Energy Restriction in Overweight Rats American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) gives important instructions about what to do if a child has ingested poison. ‘Miami Zombie’ Didn’t Ingest Bath Salts Confirms Autopsy In the context of computer science, ingest seems to have acquired a meaning similar to input. I found this definition of the term â€Å"data ingestion† at TechTarget: Data ingestion is the process of obtaining, importing, and processing data for later use or storage in a database. This process often involves altering individual files by editing their content and/or formatting them to fit into a larger document. I often have the feeling that some of the changes in usage like this unfamiliar meaning for ingest are driven by non-native English speakers who translate words from their own languages into English words that don’t necessarily have the same meaning in English. For example, the German verb einnehmen can be translated as â€Å"to partake of a meal,† but it also means â€Å"to get, receive, collect,† meanings that certainly go along with the definition of â€Å"data ingestion.† Apart from computer jargon, ingest still means â€Å"to swallow, to consume, to take by mouth.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Useful Stock Phrases for Your Business EmailsThat vs. WhichMay Have vs. Might Have

Retention Strategies for Nurse Retirees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Retention Strategies for Nurse Retirees - Essay Example A more experienced nurse is in a better position to handle the needs of such patients. A multidisciplinary hospital like ours can derive benefits from the experience of such nurses. They can be used as senior educators, mentors or shapers of a new generation of outstanding nurses (RWJF, 2006). Thus, to utilize the services of the older nurses, the hospital must consider retraining for these nurses apart from discouraging policies that allow for an early exit from the profession. There should be no negative attitudes towards the aging workforce or their capabilities and lifelong learning should be encouraged. Mentoring is a concept that is used by all businesses and involves a mentor and a protà ©gà © engaged in a long-term relationship (NLN, 2006). Individuals who experience mentor-protà ©gà © relationship advance faster in their career and earn higher salaries at an early age. The new recruits at the hospital often feel a lack of support and recognition by colleagues but collaboration with others helps them to overcome this feeling of isolation. A personalized supportive relationship has positive outcomes for both the mentor and the mentee. The new faculty member learns community norms as well as the skills, strategies, and practices of teaching. If the role of a mentor is assigned to those that are about to retire, they would benefit from a mentoring relationship as they enter new roles in an academic setting. Through their experience, it would be easier for them to identify potential leaders in nursing and nursing education. They will be in a better position to cultivate a relatio nship in the best of interest of all concerned which includes the hospital, the mentor and the nurse herself. The mentor gets an opportunity to share her/his wisdom, knowledge and experience. The mentor also derives satisfaction from mentoring/guiding others in attaining self-clarity while also developing his/her own skills.  

Solution to Campus Rapes across the US Research Paper

Solution to Campus Rapes across the US - Research Paper Example Solving campus rapes and sexual abuse has been one of the most difficult tasks due lack of evidence beyond reasonable doubts as most of the evidence presented are always scenarios of one’s word against those of the other. This policy papers seeks to establish the possible solutions available to address the college rape menace within legal boundaries and how to provide lasting solutions to the college administrations. In doing this, this proposal will highlight some of the empirical evidence available on college rapes and how the available solutions have failed to correct the anomaly. Introduction This is a policy paper that seeks to highlight some of the steps that should be taken to help eliminate the escalating levels of college rapes and sexual abuses. In describing the way forward, this paper will highlight some of the statistical data available on college rapes and how the vice has escalated in our universities. The weaknesses of the available laws and administrative agen das in mitigating this vice will also be highlighted to enables readers understand the magnitude of the vice. Finally, the paper will provide the solutions that should be adopted to help mitigate the vice and increase the safety of the students within our campuses. According to the analysis of campus rape and sexual assault report of 2011, of all the rapes reported in the states of Massachusetts, 4% occurred within colleges and campus residential areas. Out of this total, 74% were females who were sexually victimized in campus and their males colleagues accounted for over 99% of the perpetrators. A large percentage of the victims were white students followed distantly by blacks and the Hispanic Americans (Elizabeth 34). This demonstrates the level of the vice in our institutions and how the college administrations have been unable to adequately address the menace. Psychologist however points to another avenue of concern in trying to develop a lasting solution to this vice in our ins titution. According to this report, the victim and the offender have been shown to be either close friends, acquaintances, or strangely enough, boyfriends/girlfriends (Tolman 231). Most of these incidences, as the data indicates occur during the weekends and especially during the midnight hours towards dawn. Of all the rapes, 81% occurred in the college dormitories or students’ official residences, followed by out of campus houses or apartments at 9% and finally the fraternity at 4%. Weapons and force are used to carry out these activities and this was demonstrated in report which indicated that 60% of the rapes that were reported occurred as a result of the use of force or a weapon to intimidate the victim (Christopher 64). Campuses and colleges should be a safe ground for our children and relatives to pursue higher education upon which their future success is pegged. The environment that encourages and fruitful interaction of students should be devoid of any form of threat to the students either from outside or from within the institution. Rape has been shown by a number of psychological reports as one of the major causes of suicide, depression and low morale among the youths. Rape victims find it hard to forgive themselves for what happened to on that fateful night or day and this affects their studies and concentrations. Most rapes also occur in the absence of any form of

Legal risk manager Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Legal risk manager - Assignment Example Failure to manage any foreseeable legal risk has the potential to affect all sectors of an organization, and this becomes the concern of every shareholder, employee, and business stakeholders in the business. It is plausible that legal risk management is crucial to any organization since it can effectively remove any uncertainties in relation to business operation of the organization, thus avoiding legal liability later in the future. An effective legal risk management initiative should ensure that the company can avoid any costs that may arise due to any form of legal negligence during its operations. The law that governs obligations in corporate information security in the United States has expanded very rapidly. The latest legal requirement, introduced mainly by laws that were introduced over the last few years, is an obligation to disclose any form of security breaches that involve sensitive personal information to the individuals who are likely to be adversely affected by such kind of breaches. The emergence of these rules that impose a duty to make disclosures for such security breaches has been necessitated by a series of security breaches that started way back in 2005. Following the enactment of these statutes, more than 300 hundred companies, federal agencies, and educational institutions have made disclosures of breaches of sensitive personal information security (Stevens, 2012). These breaches have affected a cumulative total of more one hundred and fifty million individual records. The core response to these breaches has been a regulatory and legislative fury, at both federal and state level. As such, the Congress, as well as many other states, has introduced laws that require organizations to notify individuals affected security breaches that involve their sensitive personal information. Indeed, the federal banking regulatory agencies have issued their final inter-agency guidance for banking

Images of Black Christian Leaders Essay Example for Free

Images of Black Christian Leaders Essay African and Christian in the names of our denominations denote that we are always concerned for the well-being of economically and politically exploited persons, for gaining or regaining a sense of our own worth, and for determining our own future. We must never invest with institutions that perpetuate racism. Our churches work for the change of all processes which prevent our members who are victims of racism from participating fully in civic and governmental structures. † (Satterwhite, 1999) Race has been used by antebellum period social scientists to refer to distinctions drawn from physical appearance (skin color, eye shape, physiognomy), and ethnicity was used to refer to distinctions based on national origin, language, religion, food, and other cultural markers. â€Å"Race has a quasi-biological status and among psychologists, the use of race terminology is hotly debated In the United States, race is also a socially defined, politically oppressive categorization scheme that individuals must negotiate while creating their identities. † (Frable, 1997) This suggests racial motivation impetus more of a political-cultural propensity rather than a religious motivated trait. All along, even during the slavery, Americans of African descent, have consistently had a high sense of religious significance. The Christian Movement probably had a dramatic effect on the personal identity more so than the reference group orientation of black people as whole. African decedents as a whole, during this period in history, was observed as a singled reference group type orientation that determine behavior depended greatly on Black Christian leadership. The calls for religious framework forces one to consider the how the leaders was portrayed in current media of the period, i. e. newspapers, paintings photos, etc. What clearly points to the very success of black Christian leadership during the Civil War is indicated by the way unity was exhibited during this time black social and political culture. Both free black leaders and the masses of Southern slaves who rebelled against their masters turned a white war into a battle over slavery and racial injustice with religion as the foundational argument for both sides of the issue. Slaverys destruction, ironically, removed a common focus of protest, and more importantly, enticed certain black elites to accept the liberal concept of changing American political culture through religion by trying to join it and reform it from within. The black Christian movements of the late 1800s was a significant single indicator of common social beliefs that may simply be related with other dimensions and intangibles not yet discovered or even recognized during this time. In brief, due to the impact of during this forty to fifty year span, Black Christian consciousness and awareness had become so pervasive throughout the black population that single item common-fate solidarity was adequate to capture a fully politicized sense of group consciousness. The history of African American Christianity is bound up with the history of American slavery. African Americans encountered Christianity in the context of enslavement, and it was as captives that they began the long process of making the gospel their own. The process varied across time and space and defies generalization or easy description. Sometimes conversion came quickly, in explosive moments of awakening; more often, it unfolded over generations, as Christian belief and practices insinuated themselves into slaves daily rounds. â€Å"In some settings, the new creed seems almost completely to have displaced older religions, which survived only in a handful of disembodied beliefs and rituals. In other places, Christian usages were grafted onto still vital African religious traditions, producing dynamic, richly religion philosophical creeds. Yet whatever the pace or pathway, slaves across the Americas were drawn into the dialectic of conversion, transforming the religion of their captors even as it transformed them. † (Campbell, 1995) Preceding Any War As the antebellum period began, America was approaching its golden anniversary as an independent political state, but it was not yet a nation. There was considerable disagreement among the residents of its many geographical sections concerning the exact limits of the relationship between the Federal government, the older states, and the individual citizen. In this regard, many factions invoked concepts of state sovereignty, centralized banking, nullification, popular sovereignty, secession, all-Americanism, or manifest destiny. However, the majority deemed republicanism, social pluralism, and constitutionalism the primary characteristics of antebellum America. Slavery, abolition, and the possibility of future disunion were considered secondary issues. The history and sociopolitical influence of the African-American church documents an interminable struggle for liberation against the exploitative forces of European domination. Although Black religion is predominantly Judeo-Christian, its essence is not simply white religion with a cosmetic face lift. Rather the quintessence of African-American spiritual mindedness is grounded in the social and political experience of Black people, and, although some over the years have acquiesced to the dominant order, many have voiced a passionate demand for freedom now. The history of the African-American church demonstrates that the institution has contributed four indispensable elements to the Black struggle for ideological emancipation, which include a self-sustaining culture, a structured community, a prophetic tradition, and a persuasive leadership. The church of slavery, which began in the mid-eighteenth century, started as an underground organization and developed to become a pulpit for radicals like Richard Allen, (discussed in detail) and the platform for revolutionaries like David Walker. For over one hundred ears, African slaves created their own unique and authentic religious culture that was parallel to, but not reflective of the slave-owners Christianity from which they borrowed. Meeting on the quiet as the invisible church, they created a self-preserving belief system by Africanizing European religion. Commenting on this experience, Alice Sewell, a former slave of Montgomery, Alabama, states, We used to slip off in de woods in de old slave days on Sunday evening way down in de swamps to sing and pray to our own liking (Simms, 1970, p. 263). During the late 1700s, when slavery was being dismantled in the North, free Black Methodists courageously separated from the patronizing control of the white denomination and established their own independent assemblies. This marked the genesis of African-American resistance as a nationally structured, mass-based movement. In 1787, Richard Allen, after suffering racist humiliation at Philadelphias St. George Methodist Episcopal Church, separated from the white congregation and led other Blacks, who had been similarly disgraced, to form the African Methodist Episcopal Church (A. M. E. ) in 1816. The new group flowered. By 1820 it numbered 4,000 in Philadelphia alone, while another 2,000 claimed membership in Baltimore. The church immediately spread as far west as Pittsburgh and as far south as Charleston as African-Americans organized to resist domination. Through community groups, they contributed political consciousness, economic direction, and moral discipline to the struggle for freedom in their local districts. Moreover, Black Methodists sponsored aid societies that provided loans, business advice, insurance, and a host of social services to their fellow-believers and the community at large. In sum the A. M. E. Churches functioned in concert to organize African-Americans throughout the country to protect them selves from exploitation and to ready them for political emancipation. Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World During this same period, David Walker exemplified the prophetic tradition of the Black church with his Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, published between 1829 and 1830. Walker employed biblical language and Christian morality in creating anti-ruling class ideology: slaveholders were avaricious and unmerciful wretches who were guilty of perpetrating the most wretched, abject, and servile slavery in the world against Africans. To conclude, the church of the slave era contributed substantially to African-American social and political resistance. The invisible institution provided physical and psychological relief from the horrific conditions of servitude: within the confines of hush arbors, bonds people found unfamiliar dignity and a sense of self-esteem. Similarly, the A. M. E. congregations confronted white paternalism by organizing their people into units of resistance to fight collectively for social equality and political self-direction. And finally, the antebellum church did not only empower Blacks by structuring their communities; it also supplied them with individual political leaders. David Walker made two stellar contributions to the Black struggle for freedomhe both created and popularized anti-ruling class philosophy. He intrepidly broadcasted the conditional necessity of violence in abolishing slavery demanding to be heard by his suffering brethren and the American people and their children in both the North and the South. As churches grew in size and importance, the Black pastors role as community leader became supremely influential and unquestionably essential in the fight against Jim Crow. For instance, in 1906, when the city officials of Nashville, Tennessee, segregated the streetcars, R. H. Boyd, a prominent leader in the National Baptist Convention, organized a Black boycott against the system. He even went so far as to operate his own streetcar line at the height of the conflict. To Boyd and his constituents no setback was ever final, and the grace of God was irrefutability infinite. African Methodist Episcopal†¦Mark of Independence When Richard Allen was 17, he experienced a religious conversion that changed his life forever. (PBS, Allen) Even though born into slavery in Philadelphia in 1760, he became not only free but influential, a founder of the African Methodist Episcopal Church and its first bishop. Allen, recognize as one of the first African-Americans to be emancipated during the Revolutionary Era, had to forge an identity for his people as well as for himself. Richard Allen Allowed by his repentant owner to buy his freedom, Allen earned a living sawing cordwood and driving a wagon during the Revolutionary War. After the war he furthered the Methodist cause by becoming a licensed exhorter, preaching to blacks and whites from New York to South Carolina. To reconcile his faith and his African-American identity, Allen decided to form his own congregation. He gathered a group of ten black Methodists and took over a blacksmiths shop in the increasingly black southern section of the city, converting it to the Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church hence, the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Allen was chosen as the first bishop of the church, the first fully independent black denomination in America. He had succeeded in charting a separate religious identity for African-Americans. Although the Bethel Church opened in a ceremony led by Bishop Francis Asbury in July 1794, its tiny congregation worshiped separate from our white brethren. In 1807 the Bethel Church added an African Supplement to its articles of incorporation; in 1816 it won legal recognition as an independent church. In the same year Allen and representatives from four other black Methodist congregations (in Baltimore; Wilmington, Delaware; Salem, New Jersey; and Attleboro, Pennsylvania) met at the Bethel Church to organize a new denomination, the African Methodist Episcopal Church. To be noted, the white Methodists of the New York Conference resisted the move toward independence, but those of the Philadelphia Conference, in Richard Allens territory, gave a conditional blessing, an irony that must have galled the Bethelites (as Allens group was popularly known). Of the two black denominations, the Bethelites enjoyed greater growth and more stable leadership in the pre-Civil War decades. The Great Awakening The Great Awakening as a marker for a cultural and religious upheaval did not appear immediately, but in scholastic research on religion in the eighteenth century, the time reflects the complexity of attitudes toward, and consequences of, religious activity in the African American communities. Taken in total, the landscape of Black Christian images presented a vast picture, still incompletely realized, from the earlier and persistent view of a monolithic vision accepted by many. Possibly only to save a few rationalists or extremists could see a different scenario. After his own religious conversion, Richard joined the Methodist Society, began attending classes, and evangelized his friends and neighbors. Richard and his brothers attended classes every week and meetings every other Thursday. A. M. E. leaders began to use both written biographical materials and public commemorations of Allens life to instill a sense of history and tradition among the largely illiterate masses. Their complementary use of public commemorations and written accounts of Allens life during this period suggest a more general attempt among Black leaders to bridge the overlapping worlds of morality and literacy in order to establish a sense of tradition, an empowering historical memory, and a pantheon of Black heroes who might one day gain their rightful place in the national pantheon. (Conyers, 1999) Notwithstanding its name, the AME Church was clearly the most respectable and orthodox of black American independent churches. While some recognizably African elements surfaced in services, AME leaders tended to disdain if not actively to suppress those beliefs and practices that scholars today celebrate as signs of Africas persistence in the New World. The whole point of racial vindication was to demonstrate blacks capacity to uphold recognized standards in their personal and collective lives and thereby to hasten abolition and full inclusion in American society. Surely people interested in connections between black America and Africa should look elsewhere than the AME Church. Historically, the first separate denominations to be formed by African Americans in the United States were Methodist. The early black Methodist churches, conferences, and denominations were organized by free black people in the North in response to stultifying and demeaning conditions attending membership in the white-controlled Methodist Episcopal churches. This independent church movement of black Christians was the first effective stride toward freedom by African Americans. Unlike most sectarian movements, the initial impetus for black spiritual and ecclesiastical independence was not grounded in religious doctrine or polity, but in the offensiveness of racial segregation in the churches and the alarming inconsistencies between the teachings and the expressions of the faith. It was readily apparent that the white church had become a principal instrument of the political and social policies under girding slavery and the attendant degradation of the human spirit. In all fairness, without exception, Richard Allen embodied the assertive free-black culture that was maturing in the North by the 1830s. Despite criticisms of his domineering manner and personal ambition, Allen had attained by the time of his death in 1831, a position of respect among his people that was rivaled by very few of his contemporaries. Mother Bethel Church Via Allen’s single minded influence, the denomination reached the Pacific Coast in the early 1850’s with churches in Mother Bethel Church Stockton, Sacramento, San Francisco, and other places in California. Moreover, Bishop Morris Brown established the Canada Annual Conference. Remarkably, the slave states of Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, Louisiana, and, for a few years, South Carolina, became additional locations for AME congregations.

anthoy lister :: essays research papers

Fox Galleries (103 Brunswick Street, Fortitude Valley) has opened the doors on it newest exhibition, â€Å"Anthony Lister: subtitled†. The showcase displays Anthony Lister’s unique brand of street art. His works can be described as anywhere from abstract to pop, to graffiti. The style is very free-form and none confined. Many mediums were used to create his art but he seems favor putting it all on canvas. When Lister paints he tells a story about whatever kind of environment he’s in at the moment. The layout of the exhibition itself is rather structured and organized. I think simple and neat was the aim here. I have chosen three painting to closely analyze: â€Å"Portrait of Egon Schiele†, â€Å"Discard the Retard† and â€Å"Paddington from Pratts†. When compared to his mentor, Max Gimblett the two distinctive styles would probably be as far as each other as possible. Max prefers his paintings to be on irregular canvases and his work can range from patterns to abstract, yet don’t have the slight chaos of Lister’s. Predominant throughout the three mentioned works you can see the use of repetition, restriction of colour, emphasis and line. His particular style seems free, spontaneous and sees no real confinement. The general restriction of colour make anything not in bland almost scream off the canvas and creates a very effective focal point. Anthony has said himself â€Å"I’m not trying to change the world, I’m just reacting to the world trying to change me†. That would perfectly describe Lister’s motivation to paint and create. Whether it’s a social statement or purely something for himself he has created something that people can enjoy. Again Lister stated he normally chooses his subject matter by simply finding something within his immediate environment. Any deeper meanings one might find would probably be purely speculation, but the interesting composition in â€Å"Discard the Retard† where the constant stencil of a duck pattern has been used and a single â€Å"stand-out of the crowd† duck can be seen (solid black rather than just black outlining).

Gender Factor Of Ill Health Health And Social Care Essay

These stereotyped outlooks are normally referred to as gender functions. Gender affects many facets of life, specially. In this article I ‘ll concentrate on depicting how gender is a critical determiner of wellness and unwellness and how gender determines the differential power of commanding work forces and adult females over the their wellness and lives, their societal place, position and intervention in society and their susceptibleness and exposure to specific wellness hazards. Besides I will advert the differences between work forces and adult females from a wellness position, beside its relation with nursing ( Rodney K, 2000 ) . Many research workers, including life scientists, sociologists, have attempted to explicate some of the grounds why differences in illness occur. Sociological accounts frequently focus on life manner differences. For illustration, females may be treated as the weaker sex in some states and their medical concerns may be downplayed or ignored. Limited fiscal resorts may restrict entree to wellness attention installations. Women ‘s function as the primary attention giver of the kids may hold both positive and negative impacts on her wellness. If the adult female stays at place to raise her household, she may hold less exposure to occupational jeopardies such as chemicals in the workplace ( McGuire, 2002 ) . On the other manus, she may hold higher exposure to household indoor air pollutants. She may besides hold less contact with people with whom she may be able to vent her concerns and Frustration. Differences in behaviours may besides play a function in differences in p prevalence of disease. Males tend to be hazard takers, tobacco users, and devour intoxicant more to a great extent than adult females. Men tend to be more loath to encompass prevent I on schemes. This has contributed to the spread of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. Dietary differences, with adult females devouring less protein and Ca, may lend to anemia and increased osteoporosis hazard in females ( Abreu, Jose M, 2001 ) . Gender differences occur peculiarly in the rates of common wellness upsets – depression, anxiousness and bodily ailments and deceasing. These upsets, in which adult females predominate, affect about 1 in 3 people in the community and represent a serious public wellness job. It is well-known that in most developed states adult females outlive work forces. In 1996 in the UK a miss ‘s life anticipation at birth is higher than male child ‘s life anticipation. Although the ratio of male to female births ( 1:1.05 in 1991 ) might look to give males an advantage, males in fact have higher rates of decease ( Meltzer H, 1995 ) . There are many differences that account for work forces and adult females regard wellness issues, but far off from medical side, traditional gender functions define maleness as holding power and being in control in emotional state of affairss, in the workplace, and in sexual relationships. Acceptable male behaviours include fight, independency, assertiveness, aspiration, assurance, stamina, choler, and even force. Traditional muliebrity is defined as being nurturing, supportive, and delegating high precedence to one ‘s relationships. Womans are expected to be emotionally expressive, dependent, inactive, concerted, warm, and accepting of subsidiary position in matrimony and employment. Competitiveness, assertiveness, choler, and force are viewed as unfeminine and are non by and large tolerated as acceptable female behaviour ( Baljit M, 1995 ) . Furthermore there are many differences in male and female respect wellness issue get clearer, discernible and reaches a extremum in late adolescence and early maturity. Plenty of surveies have shown that those differences are in some facets of wellness non all. The British Health and Lifestyle Survey showed an extra in adult females of depression and jobs with nervousnesss, and as a group, sometimes differences could be obvious in certain symptoms, such as concerns and fatigue are some sorts of wellness jobs. Another survey from WHO showed that Women are more likely to seek aid from and unwrap wellness jobs to their primary wellness attention doctor while work forces are more likely to seek specializer wellness attention and are the chief users of inmate attention ( Rosenfield S, 1989 ) . Work forces are more likely than adult females to unwrap jobs with intoxicant usage to their wellness attention supplier. In one of the experiments done in one of the Americans laps on one 1000 work forces and adult females, the consequences showed that adult females have a higher prevalence for haemorrhoids at most ages, and of arthritis and rheumatism at older ages ; but it besides suggested a male surplus of digestive upsets, asthma and back problem in younger maturity, and as expected a male surplus in bosom disease at older ages. Other consequences pointed out that work forces in the United States suffer more terrible chronic conditions and have higher decease rates for all 15 prima causes of decease, and die about seven old ages younger than adult females. Another research proved that adult females who have small instruction are less likely to have wellness attention, particularly prenatal attention and aid from trained wellness forces during the bringing of their babes. More a dult females with no instruction reported costs as a barrier to seeking wellness attention ( CDHS, 2000 ) . In add-on to all above, technological and medical progresss may hold an impact on the result of disease intervention between the sexes. For old ages, females w e rhenium excluded from drug tests, partially due to the fright of inauspicious foetal results if the female would go on to go pregnant while on an Investigational drug. It was frequently assumed ( on occasion falsely ) that females would react to the drug the same as males. However, females today are now more likely to be included in drug tests and the consequences of these tests may demo that females react likewise or otherwise to a drug. Likewise, some surgical interventions may be more technically hard on females due to smaller organ or blood vas size. This may do more surgical complications and lead to increased morbidity or mortality rates in females. As surgical techniques better, one may observe the complication rate differences between the sexes to decrease ( K Hinds, 2001 ) . However, health-related beliefs and behaviours are of import subscribers to these differences. Men by and large are more likely than adult females to follow beliefs and behaviours that increase their hazards, and are less likely to prosecute in behaviours that are linked with wellness. There are a figure of possible beliefs and accounts for differences in work forces ‘s and adult females ‘s wellness have been put frontward. These include biological hazards, acquired hazards associating to different behaviours or exposures, and differences in the leaning to acknowledge unwellness and to describe symptoms of ill-health, and different entree to, and usage of, wellness attention ( Petticrew K, 1973 ) . Furthermore, gender differences in wellness and wellness attention are good documented. Women by and large experience poorer wellness than work forces, although some surveies have shown that the way and magnitude of gender differences in wellness may change harmonizing to the peculiar wellness result. Determinants of gender differences in wellness include biological ( e.g. familial and hormonal factors ) , psychological ( e.g. gender images and individualities, chronic stressors ) , behavioural ( smoke, imbibing, feeding, physical exercising ) and societal factors ( e.g. societal support, socio-economic position ) . Research on forms of wellness attention use suggests that, in general, adult females have higher use rates of medical services than work forces, after commanding for wellness results, although differences might be little. Assorted accounts for adult females ‘s greater service usage have been suggested: differences in societal function, wellness cognition, wellness p osition, sensitiveness to symptoms, willingness to describe wellness jobs, credence of aid seeking, conformity with intervention ( Sabo D, 1995 ) . In amount, adult females have more frequent unwellness and disablement, but It is well-known that in most developed states adult females outlive work forces, but the jobs are typically non serious ( life endangering ) 1s. In contrast, work forces suffer more from life endangering diseases, and these do more lasting disablement and earlier decease for them. One sex is â€Å" sicker † in the short tally, and the other in the long tally. There is no contradiction between the wellness and mortality statistics since both points to more serious wellness jobs for work forces ( Gordon DF, 1995 ) .

How effective is 99 Cents Only Stores’ strategy for IT infrastructure investments? Essay

Management Information Systems Tenth Edition provides a number of case studies for you to analyze. Included in these cases are questions to help you understand and analyze the case. You may, however, be assigned other case studies that do not have questions. This Hands-on Guide presents a structured framework to help you analyze such cases as well as the case studies in this text. Knowing how to analyze a case will help you attack virtually any business problem. A case study helps students learn by immersing them in a real-world business scenario where they can act as problem-solvers and decision-makers. The case presents facts about a particular organization. Students are asked to analyze the case by focusing on the most important facts and using this information to determine the opportunities and problems facing that organization. Students are then asked to identify alternative courses of action to deal with the problems they identify. A case study analysis must not merely summarize the case. It should identify key issues and problems, outline and assess alternative courses of action, and draw appropriate conclusions. The case study analysis can be broken down into the following steps: 1. Identify the most important facts surrounding the case. 2. Identify the key issue or issues. 3. Specify alternative courses of action. 4. Evaluate each course of action. 5. Recommend the best course of action. Let’s look at what each step involves. 1. Identify the most important facts surrounding the case. Read the case several times to become familiar with the information it contains. Pay attention to the information in any accompanying exhibits, tables, or figures. Many case scenarios, as in real life, present a great deal of detailed information. Some of these facts are more relevant that others for problem identification. One can assume the facts and figures in the case are true, but statements, judgments, or decisions made by individuals should be questioned. Underline and then list the most important facts and figures that would help you define the central problem or issue. If key facts and numbers are not available, you can make assumptions, but these assumptions should be reasonable given the situation. The â€Å"correctness† of your conclusions may depend on the assumptions you make. 2. Identify the key issue or issues. Use the facts provided by the case to identify the key issue or issues facing the company you are studying. Many cases present multiple issues or problems. Identify the most important and separate them from more trivial issues. State the major problem or challenge facing the company. You should be able to describe the problem or challenge in one or two sentences. You should be able to explain how this problem affects the strategy or performance of the organization. You will need to explain why the problem occurred. Does the problem or challenge facing the company come from a changing environment, new opportunities, a declining market share, or inefficient internal or external business processes? In the case of information systems-related problems, you need to pay special attention to the role of technology as well as the behavior of the organization and its management. Information system problems in the business world typically present a combination of management, technology, and organizational issues. When identifying the key issue or problem, ask what kind of problem it is: Is it a management problem, a technology problem, an organizational problem, or a combination of these? What management, organizational and technology factors contributed to the problem? To determine if a problem stems from management factors, consider whether managers are exerting appropriate leadership over the organization and monitoring organizational performance. Consider also the nature of management decision-making: Do managers have sufficient information for performing this role, or do they fail to take advantage of the information that is available? To determine if a problem stems from technology factors, examine any issues arising from the organization’s information technology infrastructure: its hardware, software, networks and telecommunications infrastructure, and the management of data in databases or traditional files. Consider also the whether the appropriate management and organizational assets are in place to use this technology effectively. To determine the role of organizational factors, examine any issues arising from the organization’s structure, culture, business processes, work groups, divisions among interest groups, relationships with other organizations, as well as the impact of changes in the organization’s external environment-changes in government regulations, economic conditions, or the actions of competitors, customers, and suppliers. You will have to decide which of these factors-or a combination of factors– is most important in explaining why the problem occurred. 3. Specify alternative courses of action. List the courses of action the company can take to solve its problem or meet the challenge it faces. For information system-related problems, do these alternatives require a new information system or the modification of an existing system? Are new technologies, business processes, organizational structures, or management behavior required? What changes to organizational processes would be required by each alternative? What management policy would be required to implement each alternative? Remember, there is a difference between what an organization â€Å"should do† and what that organization actually â€Å"can do.† Some solutions are too expensive or operationally difficult to implement, and you should avoid solutions that are beyond the organization’s resources. Identify the constraints that will limit the solutions available. Is each alternative executable given these constraints? 4. Evaluate each course of action. Evaluate each alternative using the facts and issues you identified earlier, given the conditions and information available. Identify the costs and benefits of each alternative. Ask yourself â€Å"What would be the likely outcome of this course of action? State the risks as well as the rewards associated with each course of action. Is your recommendation feasible from a technical, operational, and financial standpoint? Be sure to state any assumptions on which you have based your decision. 5. Recommend the best course of action. State your choice for the best course of action and provide a detailed explanation of why you made this selection. You may also want to provide an explanation of why other alternatives were not selected. Your final recommendation should flow logically from the rest of your case analysis and should clearly specify what assumptions were used to shape your conclusion. There is often no single â€Å"right† answer, and each option is likely to have risks as well as rewards.